Codeine is a prescription medication that belongs to a class of drugs known as opioids. It is primarily used to treat mild to moderate pain and as a cough suppressant. Here are some key points about codeine:

1. Pain Relief: Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, altering the way your body perceives pain. It is often used for pain relief when other painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen are not sufficient.
2. Cough Suppression: Codeine is also effective as a cough suppressant. It acts on the brain’s cough center to reduce the urge to cough.
3. Dosage Forms: Codeine is available in various forms including tablets, capsules, syrups, and as part of combination medications with other drugs like paracetamol or ibuprofen.
4. Side Effects: Common side effects of codeine include drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, nausea, and vomiting. It can also cause respiratory depression, especially at higher doses.
5. Addiction and Dependence: Like other opioids, codeine has the potential for addiction and dependence, especially when used improperly or for a prolonged period. It should be used with caution and only as prescribed by a healthcare professional.
6. Regulation: Due to its potential for abuse, codeine is often regulated and requires a prescription in many countries. It may also be subject to specific regulations regarding its distribution and use.
7. Medical Uses: Beyond pain relief and cough suppression, codeine may be used in certain medical conditions such as diarrhea (as it can slow down bowel movements).